Analysis Of The Book Night And The Movie - 1564 Words

The Struggles Through Time In the book Night and the movie, Schindler’s List, the protagonists go through major changes due to their experiences of the Holocaust, a period in history no man would want to envision. Schindler’s List is created to convey a different side for the tragic time in history, an ordinary businessman. This businessman, Oskar Schindler, wants to prove that there will be hope in this desperate time. However, the motive behind Night is different. In Night, the author Elie Wiesel aims to describe his experiences in the Holocaust to avoid the past from reoccurring. Hence, Night is more effective in demonstrating Holocaust education through characterization. As the characters undergo changes in the novel, the goal of the author is attained. In Night, the audience is introduced to a boy named Elie Wiesel, who is deeply involved in his religious studies. Wiesel allows the audience to flash back to the past and see how greatly he changes due to the Holocaust. In the beginning of the book, Wiesel says, â€Å"By day I studied the Talmud, and at night I would run to the synagogue to weep over the destruction of the temple† (Wiesel 3). This proves to the reader how involved Wiesel is with religion. At just twelve years old, Wiesel cries in a temple. When Moshe the Beadle asks Elie why he is devoted to religion, Elie thinks about it. He says to himself, â€Å"...Strange question. Why did I live? Why did I breathe?† (Wiesel 4). Wiesel remembers his values as a child beforeShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Night Before A Major Movie 1985 Words   |  8 PagesMary Bierley IAH 201 Section 14 Argumentative Paper April 20, 2017 Fandoms in the Global Success of the Harry Potter Series On the night before a major movie comes out it is common to find people camping outside movie theaters, raving about their favorite characters and speculating about what new movie they are about to see. Groups of people like these compose a fandom. 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Therefore, parenting is another themeRead MoreIs Lying Bad For Us?1195 Words   |  5 Pagesobviously tell she lied to help out her husband, but by doing so, she faces the fall out of the lie by deceiving herself. After giving personal references of lying, she starts to talk about the many different lies people use. She states lies in her book such as The White Lie, Facades, Ignoring the Plain Facts, Omission and even Delusion under their own subtitles and followed by a quote related to the lie. She then explains the definition of each lie, how we use them and what problems they might arouse

Comparing the Absurd in The Metamorphosis and Endgame Essay

The Absurd in The Metamorphosis and Endgame The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Terms defines the Absurd as â€Å"A phrase referring to twentieth-century works that depict the absurdity of the modern human condition, often with implicit reference to humanity’s loss or lack of religious, philosophical, or cultural roots. Such works depict the individual as essentially isolated and alone, even when surrounded by other people and things.† (Murfin 2) Franz Kafka and Samuel Beckett were two of the more influential writers in this movement, as both The Metamorphosis and Endgame contain examples of this genre. While the Absurd did not fully develop until after his death, it owes much of its development to Kafka. The†¦show more content†¦His family for two reasons isolates him, the first and most obvious is because of his appearance. Secondly, since he was the only wage earner in the house, others must go out into the world to support the family. They depended on Gregor and now he cannot fulfill his duties to them. While eventually leading to his death, this withdrawal enables his family members to regain aspects of themselves that they had lost. â€Å"They withdraw from him, try to contain the damage, but in the process begin to change their own [lives] †¦ as well--Gregors father, who had been disabled, †¦ goes back to work; he changes from being an old man to a bank official holding himself very erect. Gregors sister also gets a job and seems on the verge of a new life.† (Coulehan 1) Martin Esslin comments that â€Å"This earlier tradition [of the absurd] had included the assumptions that human beings are fairly rational creatures who live in an at least partially-intelligible universe, that they are part of an ordered social structure, and that they may be capable of heroism and dignity even in defeat.† (10) This mirrors the end of the novella, as Gregor chooses to die rather than burden his family. â€Å"He thought back on his family with deep emotion and love. His conviction that he would have to disappear was, if possible, even firmer than his sister’s.† (Mack 2338) â€Å"After the 1940s, however, there was aShow MoreRelatedThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Analysis of the story â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, by Franz Kafka was2200 Words   |  9 PagesThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka Analysis of the story â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, by Franz Kafka was written back in the early 1900’s, but reflected a more modern way of thinking and lifestyle of today. Gregor felt that he was a slave to his job, isolated from his co-workers, and misunderstood by his family. Although that is the norm in today’s society, it was not the norm back then. In the story Gregor finds himself transformed into a cockroach and his internal struggles become a permanent reality.

Analysis of British Petroleum Organizations Sample for Students

Qusetion: Discuss about the Industry Analysis. Answer: Introduction: British Petroleum (BP) is an oil and gas company. Headquarter is situated in London, United Kingdom. It has been founded in 1908. It preserves the history of 108 years. It is known as worlds largest Oil and Gas Company. It earns huge revenue every year. The organization almost covers all the areas of oil and gas industry, such as- production, exploration, refining, distribution, promotion, power generation and business and so on. BP is associated with various other countries like United States, Russia. In Rosneft, BP possesses 19.75% shares. Rosneft is known as worlds largest oil and gas trading company. British Petroleum has started a new venture with Sidanko in the year of 1997. BP has bought then percent share of Sidanko. BP has associated with TNK in 2005. Apart from the successful ventures, British Petroleum has faced various negative aspects as well. In the year of 2011 Deepwater Horizon Spill has occurred. It is known as the worst incident in the history of Worlds oil and gas industry. The organization has faced massive crisis due to this unwelcomed incident (bp.com, 2017). The below mentioned article has concentrated on British Petroleum. It has enlightened every aspect of the organization to understand the potential opportunities and threats of the organization. Industry Analysis: Profitability: Profitability refers to a procedure that measures the potential of an organization to generate profit from its assets. Profitability consists of the ratio of gross profit margin, operating profit margin and net profit margin, return of equity and return of assets. Gross profit margin signifies the revenues that an organization produces. As per the annual report of British Petroleum, the profit margin of BP has risen in 2012-2013. However, the margin has deteriorated in 2013-2014. Operating profit margin of BP also has risen in the year of 2012-2013 but it has failed to maintain that margin in 2013-2014. The return of equity an return of assets also significantly deteriorated in 2013-2014 (Abbaszadeh et al. 2013). Porters Five Forces Model: Fig: Porters Five Force Model Created by: Author Threat of New Entry: The threat of new entrants defines that an established organization may be influenced by the entry of a new organization. The threat of new entrants is comparatively low in the oil and gas industry. Due to high barriers for the new entry, disadvantages of new entry, the leading and established oil and gas companies like British Petroleum do not face many difficulties (Andreasson 2015). Bargaining Power of Buyers: Bargaining power of buyers signifies the power of the consumers. In many industry buyers are capable of forcing down the prices or products. However, in the oil and gas industry prices of the products are fixed and it depends upon the economic infrastructure of the world. Thus, British Petroleum does not face many challenges due to buyers (Bianconi and Yoshino 2014). Threats of Substitute products: The substitutes of oil and gas are renewable energy and biofuels products, but these products are in the developing process. Thus, leading oil and gas companies like British Petroleum d not have much threat from the substitutes (Cao et al. 2016). Bargaining Power of Suppliers: Suppliers play crucial role in establishing the future of any organization. Oil and Gas Companies are surrounded by many suppliers like oil field suppliers, engineers, pipeline installers and organizational management and so on. The energy companies deal with a complex chain of supply management which provides huge choice of suppliers. Eventually it decreases the bargaining power of the suppliers (Uldam 2016). Rivalry between the Competitors: The competition in the oil and gas industry is not high since the renewable energies are in developing stage. The risk of rivalry is comparatively low in the oil and gas industry. Competitor Analysis: There are two major competitor of British Petroleum- Exxon Mobile Corporation and Royal Dutch Shell PLC. Exxon Mobile Corporation: Exxon is one of the leading oil companies in the world. It is also known for exploring and producing oil and gas. Like BP it also covers almost all the areas of oil and gas industry. It has total twenty Three refineries in fourteen countries. It is associated with more than 19,000 gas stations in several countries. It delivers refined products to these gas stations. The organization is capable of manufacturing 136,000 barrels (Collins, Hribar and Tian 2014). Royal and Dutch Shell PLC: Royal and Dutch PLC is one of the leading oil and gas organization in the word. The organization is associated with 44,000 gas stations. Like British Petroleum is also These previously mentioned companies are giving tough competition to British Petroleum. These companies are considered as the giant in the oil and gas industry. These three companies cover all the areas of oil and gas industry and offer many products to its consumers (Vsconez et al 2015). Macro Analysis: To observe the environmental factors that influence British Petroleum PESTLE analysis can be conducted: PESTLE Analysis: Political Factors: Political factors of influence the decision making process and organizational strategies. It is often evident that many organizations often face various challenges due to unstable political condition. Oil and Gas Companies often experience several difficulties due to the political influence. Government of many country pressurize thee oil companies to choose the path of sustainability to save the environment from global warming the effect of greenhouse gases. It leads the oil and gas companies like British Petroleum to face many difficulties (Eichengreen, Chi?u and Mehl 2016). Economic Factors: The influence of economic factors plays crucial role in oil and gas industry. British Petroleum provides support to financial structure of many countries. The growth of the substitutes like- renewable energy. Biofuels ay lead British petroleum to face various threats. Social Factors: Oil and Gas companies often face various social barriers. According to many people, these companies are responsible for the global warming and growth of green house gases. It leads the oil and gas companies like British Petroleum to face various challenges (Rushton et al. 2014). Technological Factors: Emergence of new technologies is considered as one of the major issue for British Petroleum. The organization performs in various sectors like exploration of oil, refining, production and so on. In order to achieve the desired position in the industry it must embrace all the new techniques. It may lead the organization to face various challenges (Petroleum 2015). Legal factors: Oil and Gas companies like British Petroleum often face various legal issues. The labor safety rules are produced by the government to ensure good health of the employees who works in the oil and gas field. Government of United Kingdom pays special attention to the health and safety issues of the oil and gas field workers. This may lead British Petroleum to face some legal issues (Onwuteaka 2016). Company Corporate Strategy: Corporate strategy of British Petroleum is to cover all the aspect of energy industry by providing renewable energy and other products of Gas and Oil Company. The strategy of organizational management is to set an example for the future generation as a leading oil and gas cooperation. The organizational management of British petroleum has concentrated on embracing new technologies to save the environment from the harmful effect of oil and gas production. The management aims at modifying their organizational strategy. They want to make their strategies flexible enough so they can improve the quality of their service with the time (Morgan et al. 2014). Business Strategy: The organizational management of British petroleum focuses on strengthening the internal quality of the organization to achieve the leading position in the oil and gas industry. The organizational management has planned to start their many new projects by 2021. British Petroleum is encouraging the use of new and innovative technique to achieve long-term goal. The organizational management wants to enhance the productivity level of the organization. They are embracing new changes and implementing various techniques to influence the growth of the organization. The organizational management wants to strengthen their competitiveness of their refineries and petrochemical plants as well to ensure the development of the organization. Another important strategy of British Petroleum is to promote the use of renewable energy. The organizational management of British Petroleum has concentrated on producing renewable energy. They are encouraging the use of new techniques into their plats to avoi d the any kind of activities that are harmful for the environment (Lei, Li and Pan 2014). Strategic Leadership evident: Being a leading organization, British Petroleum possesses a huge team of leaders. These leaders are well-experienced and skilled and all the leaders have knowledge about oil and gas industry. This team of leaders helps the organization to fight against many crises. In this competitive era, every organization is introducing new strategies in the organization to achieve desired position in the industry and earn reputation in the society. Being a renowned name in the world of oil and gas industry, British Petroleum also focuses on implementing new techniques to improve the quality of their service (Jimnez-Preciado, Cruz-Ak and Venegas-Martnez 2017). The team of the board of directors always encourages the employees to give their best performance to achieve the organizational target. The leaders of British Petroleum are capable of taking efficient decisions according to the organizational strategy to influence the growth of the organization. The leaders ensure that they provide flawless service to their consumers as well as they try to maintain the environmental balance to avoid any kind of social barriers. It is important for every organization especially for the oil and gas companies to maintain healthy relation with the society. The organizational management of British Petroleum always tries to maintain healthy relation with its stakeholders as well as the society to ensure the development of the organization. The organizational management always maintains healthy atmosphere within the organization so that the employees of the organization can perform for achieving the organizational goal. They encourage team work, so their employees can work together to achieve common goal. The organizational management of British Petroleum always considers the organizational goal while establishing their strategy. The organizational leaders of BP are well-known for taking efficient steps to achieve the desired target. They have set an example of efficient and effective leaders hip. Under the leadership of these talented and experienced leaders British Petroleum has successfully won the position of leading oil and gas company. According to many reports, British Petroleum is one of the profit making organization in the oil and gas company. The successful and skilled leaders are highly responsible for the development of British Petroleum (Lai, O'Hara and Wysoczanska, 2015). Conclusion: As per the previous discussion, it can be concluded that British Petroleum has a bright future in the oil and gas industry, as it has incorporated some efficient strategies into its rule book, like production of renewable energy, prevention of co2 and other greenhouse gas. These effective steps will be beneficial for the growth of the organization. Such activities will be helpful to earn reputation in the society as well. The organization has associated with the various other countries like Russia. It has helped the organization to establish a bright future. There are many environmental factors that often influence the decision making process and organizational strategies. However, the skilled and efficient leaders of help the organization to overcome such issues and achieve organizational target. The organizational management has made their strategies flexible enough to update their organizational structure with the time. The primary objective of the organizational management of Bri tish petroleum is to set an example for the future generation. They have taken some innovative initiatives to help the environment, such practices influences the growth of the organization. Although, there are some incidents like Oil Spill in the Mexican Gulf, that can be harmful for the reputation of the organization. However, the efficient leadership has helped the organization to maintain healthy relation with the society and people around the organizations as well as it are highly beneficial for the future of the organization. Thus, it can be concluded that the future of the British Petroleum is extremely bright. It can be stated from the annual report of the organization. It has been nominated as worlds one of the wealthy oil and gas organization Reference: Abbaszadeh, P., Maleki, A., Alipour, M. and Maman, Y.K., 2013. Iran's oil development scenarios by 2025.Energy policy,56, pp.612-622. Andreasson, S., 2015. Varieties of resource nationalism in sub-Saharan Africa's energy and minerals markets.The Extractive Industries and Society,2(2), pp.310-319. Bianconi, M. and Yoshino, J.A., 2014. Risk factors and value at risk in publicly traded companies of the nonrenewable energy sector.Energy Economics,45, pp.19-32. bp.com. (2017). bp.com. Cao, Z., Liu, G., Kong, Y., Wang, C., Niu, Z., Zhang, J., Geng, C., Shan, X. and Wei, Z., 2016. Lacustrine tight oil accumulation characteristics: permian Lucaogou Formation in jimusaer sag, Junggar Basin.International Journal of Coal Geology,153, pp.37-51. Collins, D.W., Hribar, P. and Tian, X.S., 2014. Cash flow asymmetry: Causes and implications for conditional conservatism research.Journal of Accounting and Economics,58(2), pp.173-200. Eichengreen, B., Chi?u, L. and Mehl, A., 2016. Network effects, homogeneous goods and international currency choice: New evidence on oil markets from an older era.Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'conomique,49(1), pp.173-206. Jimnez-Preciado, A.L., Cruz-Ak, S. and Venegas-Martnez, F., 2017. Persistency of Price Patterns in the International Oil Industry, 2001-2016.International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy,7(1). Lai, H., O'Hara, S. and Wysoczanska, K., 2015. Rationale of internationalization of China's national oil companies: seeking natural resources, strategic assets or sectoral specialization?.Asia Pacific Business Review,21(1), pp.77-95. Lei, Y., Li, L. and Pan, D., 2014. Study on the relationships between coal consumption and economic growth of the six biggest coal consumption countries: With coal price as a third variable.Energy Procedia,61, pp.624-634. Morgan, A.D., Shaw-Brown, K., Bellingham, I., Lewis, A., Pearce, M. and Pendoley, K., 2014, May. Global oil spills and oiled wildlife response effort: implications for oil spill contingency planning. InInternational Oil Spill Conference Proceedings(Vol. 2014, No. 1, pp. 1524-1544). American Petroleum Institute. Onwuteaka, J., 2016. Hydrocarbon oil spill cleanup and remediation in the Niger Delta.forest,3(2). Petroleum, B., 2015. BP statistical review of world energy 2015. Petroleum, British. Rushton, L., Schnatter, A.R., Tang, G. and Glass, D.C., 2014. Acute myeloid and chronic lymphoid leukaemias and exposure to low-level benzene among petroleum workers.British journal of cancer,110(3), pp.783-787. Uldam, J., 2016. Corporate management of visibility and the fantasy of the post-political: Social media and surveillance.new media society,18(2), pp.201-219. Vsconez, V.A., Giraud, G., Mc Isaac, F. and Pham, N.S., 2015. The effects of oil price shocks in a new-Keynesian framework with capital accumulation.Energy Policy,86, pp.844-854.

Industrial/Organizational Psychology free essay sample

Casino Improving Organization Retention Angela Harris PSY/435 March 12, 2013 Dr. M. Horton JC’s Casino Improving Organization Retention Running an effective company needs a management staff that has good communication skills and the ability to anticipate and satisfy the needs of the company as well as the employees. Companies spend time and money collecting information to assist organizations in their quest to do so. But, to have an effective enterprise, the employees incorporating higher administration should have organization as well. Companies hire impartial advisors to help them implement programs that will improve production, motivation, effective job hiring, and retention skills. Suggesting suitable modifications assists with job satisfaction and enhances worker output. For organizations like JC’s Casino a rigid strategy created through observation, staff and customer comments will assist the company to focus on undesirable behaviors from lower and upper management. Providing JC’s Casino with the information needed to keep excellent, effective dealers, and housekeepers while satisfying the needs of the clients. We will write a custom essay sample on Industrial/Organizational Psychology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Improving Employment Recruitment and Retention JC’s casino is experiencing staff and guest complaints. Dealers and housekeepers during exit interviews have indicated a number of complaints regarding pit boss Joe’s behavior and management skills are having an adverse effect on the dealers and the guests. Because of Joe’s relationship to the owner, Tom the human resource director is afraid to voice the accusations thus, allowing the treating to continue. Housekeeping is also having issues because of absenteeism and retention. Because Andrew the director of housekeeping, is not able to solve this problem the casino has ad to change check out time and use employees from different departments to do extra work to cover any vacate positions. The goal to improve employment hiring and retention is achievable. The method used in this case by an industrial organizational psychiatrist will assist to improve the organizations employee hiring and retention. The issues in highe r management will reduce as soon as the matter with Joe is addressed. The usage of two motivation hypotheses will provide a starting point in fixing employee hiring and retention. The use of reinforcement and self-efficacy hypotheses is good tool for fixing the issues found at JC’s casino. Hiring of new employees appears to be an issue at the casino along with the ability to retain existing employees. Utilizing the reinforcement hypothesis will assist the organization in retaining existing workers by way of an incentive system and at the same time attract new employees. Even though JC’s casino’s pay scale is similar to various other casinos, housekeeping director Keehn has problems with getting good reliable help since without new housekeepers the existing housekeepers are working longer hours to cater to the casino’s requirements. The tension of additional work is very difficult for the workers and their determination to work for the organization has decreased. â€Å"Using the self-efficacy hypothesis decides how people’s feelings regarding their own abilities may affect behavior; the inspiration to try the task refers to a person’s capabilities to accomplish the task† (Spector, 2008). Existing workers are unsatisfied, the job description for housekeepers has modified considerably, giving housekeepers additional work. While the dealers’ keenness has been impacted by the pit boss that is described in the exit interviews as harmful, overbearing, bad, and inexperienced. The usage of self-efficacy and reinforcement ideas will improve worker recruitment and increase retention. But, additional inspirational theories in tandem would make the change better for the whole company. Alleviating on-the-job Stressors Tension on-the-job is normal in the office, directing concentration toward the stressor assistance in looking for options for worker and client satisfaction. Occupational stressors influence worker satisfaction. â€Å"Health issues take place from stress caused scenarios, bronchial asthma, migraines and cancer† (Hansell Damour, 2007), enhancing employee absenteeism. Before recruitment applicants ask questions regarding the place of work environment and rewards. JC’s casino’s popularity through exit interviews is less than positive. But, improving the negative thoughts and healing stressors is essential. Stressors recognized at the casino are the result of Joe’s mentality and attitude. Dealing with Joe’s behavior is necessary since he is the main reason for the majority of resignations and discontentment among the employees. Joe’s lack of awareness of the situation and his behavior is forcing good employees to leave the organization. The tension employee’s face might be decreased substantially when Joe is approached and reprimanded for his actions. Additionally, stress taking place in housekeeping derives from working understaffed. To overcome being understaffed, and causing stress in other departments generating discontentment among the whole organization. JC’s casino can instantly improve negative opinions since the issues which require handling have been found. Getting individuals that fit the needs of the casino is an immediate need. Utilizing the Large 5 Personality dimension is a good tool to use. Understanding people assists in the hiring procedure and retention. Unfortunately, a few jobs dont satisfy individuals; a great way to use the Large 5 Personality dimension assists to group individuals who will work well collectively and with the general public. Additionally the Large 5 Personality dimension assists to forecast job efficiency (Spector, 2008). Improving Job Satisfaction Improving job satisfaction will increase worker retention and enhance job efficiency. JC’s casino’s employees demonstrate discontentment due to management and additional jobs carried out not listed in the employee’s job description. Job satisfaction is essential to keep an organization completely staffed and working successfully. Job reward methods will enhance job performance. Using the job reward system can enhance efficiency at the casino. Understanding what perks work best for the organization depends upon the workers and the placements held. Additionally bonus plans will work if the capabilities to enhance efficiency, workers wish the perks, and removing of physical or psychological restrictions. JC’s casino fulfills the requirements except for psychological restrictions. Joe that has been pointed out in a lot of exit interviews has created a mental stress on the workers due to his manners. Even though this is a problem Joe’s behavior is controllable with the good communication. JC’s casino fulfills the specifications in compensation if compared to the rivals however worker satisfaction is related and overrides salaries. A good worker that is comfortable and satisfied with the job atmosphere assists to increase retention and enhance worker recruitment. Eliminating Counterproductive Behaviors Absenteeism on-the-job is continuing for JC’s casino. Hiring workers with these types of habits impacts the organization, similarly for existing workers. Attitudes and behaviors on job in some instances are infectious. â€Å"Psychologically mature individuals are characterized by practical attitude† (Feist Feist, 2009). Jobs usually have excellent workers, however when the atmosphere is made up of call-outs and insufficient staffing reliable workers start to notice. JC’s casino uses staff from every division to fill in placements which needs to be covered by workers employed particularly for that placement. Until a proper staff level is met in housekeeping other departments though temporary should assist. This will help reduce late check-out times and the need to employ someone to watch guest’s luggage. Unproductive employees should be given evaluations to be made aware of the impact their behavior is having on the rest of the organization and a chance to improve or be dismissed. The solution for the casino is to provide employee relations satisfaction. Though Joe is the step-son of the proprietor, it is attainable that if Joe is given managerial coaching needed to communicate with his employees in situations. And Tom management training related to coping with job related stressors and employee retentions the counter productivity will reduce. A good organization is only as good as the individuals who operate and run the company. Bad administration will cause an adverse effect on other employees, restricting job hiring and employee retention. Conclusion JC’s Casino has experienced retention problems regarding dealers and housekeepers. The dealers have had to endure poor leadership and mistreatment by Joe the pit boss at the casino. The housekeeping division is working short staffed and has to depend on other departments to fill job responsibilities. The source of the issue at JC’s casino is bad management and employee interaction. A busy organization that is having problems with productivity and employee motivation will a high turn-over rate. Adjusting useful elements which cause counter productivity will motivate the workforce at JC’s casino to work like a team and to find the job as more than the usual paycheck. JC’s casino is salvageable; the organization is competitive with wages therefore money is not the problem. Focusing on the cause of the issue starts with management. Successfully running a busy organization is tough, however using the correct method through industrial and organizational psychology will create a foundation for the organization to grow while recruiting new employees and retain the current employees. References Spector, P. E. (2008). Industrial and organizational psychology (5th ed. ) Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Feist J Feist GJ 2009 Theories of Personality (7th ed). NJ: McGraw Hill Organizational Psychology free essay sample However, some topics in the field cannot be classified as either industrial or occupational so when put together they can explain the broad nature of the field (Spector, 2008). This paper will discuss the history of industrial-occupational, how it is different from other fields of psychology, how industrial-occupational can be applied in organizations, and the role that research and statistics plays in industrial-occupational psychology. The History of I/O Psychology I/O psychologies origins can be tracked back to the late 19th century crusade to understand and gauge human abilities and drives. In 1903 Walter Dill Scott wrote a book that was the first to link psychology and business together. Scott has been considered to be the founding father of I/O psychology along with Hugo Munsterberg who was a German psychologist teaching a Harvard University. Munsterberg published a book in 1913 titled â€Å"The Psychology of Industrial Efficiency. † However, I/O psychology truly came into its own when the United States entered into World War I in 1917. We will write a custom essay sample on Organizational Psychology or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The military convened a committee of psychologists to investigate solider drive, incentive, and the commonness of psychological impairment. At this time psychologists also developed the Army Alpha a group-administered intelligence test. There were 1,726,000 soldiers and officers tested but little come out of the information gathered because the war ended three months after the test was administered. Studies found that the test scores were related to solider accomplishments. After the war the Carnegie Institute of Technology started a university-based facility for the study of the applications of psychology to business this was the first of its kind. The center was called the U. S. Bureau of Salesmanship Research and at that time it was sponsored mainly by the life insurance industry. The research conducted was for the selection and enhancement of secretarial, executive, and sales staff (Spector, 2008). During World War II psychologist developed the â€Å"Army General Classification† test, which was used for the assessment and placement of the recruits as well as identifying precise aptitudes and capabilities of the soldiers. During this time the psychologist also investigated accidents, plan crashes, morale, and solider attitudes. After the war I/O psychology come out as a specific specialty of the broader field of psychology. In 1970 I/O psychology got another push after the court decisions interoperating the 1964 Civil Rights Act. In this decision the courts placed a substantial responsibility on employers to explain the validity of their recruiting, selection, and promotional procedures. Many employers determined that it was smarter to employ the skills of I/O psychologist to defend against this and other possible anti-discrimination legislation. Maintaining an I/O psychologist on staff would also provide defense against lawsuits brought about by employees who claimed that he or she sufferer from discrimination (Spector, 2008). The Difference between I/O Psychology and Other Field of Psychology There are many similarities between I/O psychology and other fields of psychology however; I/O psychology focuses mainly on applying psychological practices to the business industries. The other disciplines many study or apply similar topics as I/O psychology but the range of topics very. I/O psychology encompasses issues that are studied individually by human resources management (HRM), social psychology, and business management. Whereas each of these fields of study may focus on other topics none of them focus on the entire set of topics as I/O psychologist do. As with any other field of psychology the difference is sometimes blurred. I/O psychology applies psychological theories to the business industry, while other fields of psychology apply theories to the diagnosis and treatment in all aspects of life (Spector, 2008). How I/O Psychology Is Applied In Organizations I/O psychology can be used in establishments with the intention of diagnosing the organizations snags, suggesting or applying changes, and calculating the costs of those changes. The four areas that the I/O psychologist may address are: personal psychology, training, motivation and leadership, and engineering psychology (Cascio, Aguinis, 2008). Personal psychology deals with individual differences. Personal psychology works with the areas of recruiting and selecting personal. Put simply personal psychology tries to establish who the best person is for any available positions using precise methods that have been proven to work well in the past. The primary focus of personal psychology is to study the job and the traits of the people currently holding the job and using this information to determine what kind of individual would be right for the position (Cascio, Aguinis, 2008). Training is using the theories of learning to teach employee’s skills, techniques, strategies, and concepts for enhancing employee performance. I/O psychologists are deeply involved in determining training needs by using job analysis, performance evaluations as well as employee attitude surveys. I/O psychologists are well placed to determine if a training program would alleviate the organizations problem. I/O psychologist address questions such as â€Å"who, if anyone, needs training? † and â€Å"are the present employees likely to improve from training? † Once the I/O psychologist concludes that training is right he or she will try to outline the best contents and formatting for the training program (Cascio, Aguinis, 2008). Employee motivation and leadership deals with current employees and strives for a way to establish an atmosphere that offers employees a well-defined idea of what they are supposed to achieve and encourages the establishment of conditions conductive to inspiring people to do their best. The four major methods I/O psychologists apply to aid organizations in creating conditions that are beneficial to efficient performance are: motivation, job satisfaction, leadership, and organization development. Motivation is creating organizational conditions that are helpful in bringing out the best in their employees. The I/O psychologist’s job is to use concepts of work motivation toward the improvement of working environments and a reward program that will motivate good performance. Because job satisfaction is not directly related to productivity and is weakly related to employee turnover and absenteeism the main purpose is to give management a good idea of the mood of employees which he or she can use as a guide to improve reward programs, benefits, and motivational conditions. The leader ship topics addressed by I/O psychologist are how people come to be leaders, how to prepare people to be leaders, and what leaders do. Organization development is the area of helping people to work better as a team. To do this I/O psychologist address way to enhance the group’s cohesion and effectiveness with tools such as team building exercises, leadership exercises, self-management work groups, and survey feedback (Cascio, Aguinis, 2008). Engineering psychology concentrates on the human problem of organizations through the design of machinery and tools that take human limitations specifically into account. Engineering psychology focuses on two areas. The goal of the first area is to make machines that require few decisions to be made by the operator. The goal of the other area is to design the machinery and workspaces to be congruent with human limitations and capabilities (Cascio, Aguinis, 2008). The Role of Research and Statistics in I/O Psychology I/O Psychology has it foundation in science; the main focus is on testing and evaluating issues with measureable methods. This process is not like using simple intuition or trying new things until something works. I/O methods like all other fields of psychology are studied with scientific methods and supported by theories and statistics. Research can develop new methods and procedures for such activities as selecting or training employees. Other research focuses on understanding some organizational phenomenon such as employee theft, the effects of job attitudes. The results of the research conducted in the field are presented at professional meetings and are published in scientific journals. I/O psychologists collect and analyze data to address organizational issues and questions. I/O psychologist start the research process by posing a specific question that defines the purpose of the study. The I/O psychologist determines the research hypothesis, which is the best guess of what the outcome of the research will be. From there the research is conducted in one of two ways either in the field or in the laboratory. Research conducted in the field takes place naturally while research conducted in the laboratory is created. Researchers try to achieve generalizability, which means that the results can be applied to a variety of other settings and situations. The researchers establish control over the experiments that they conduct to eliminate alternative explanations for the results. There are many ways that a researcher can achieve control in studies. Two such ways of achieving control are random selection and random assignment, which ensure that all participants have an equal chance of being assigned to different treatments or that every participant has a chance to be chosen for the study (Spector, 2008). The design of the research can be divided into experimental and nonexperimental forms. In experimental design the researcher randomly assigns subjects to conditions that are constructed for the study. In nonexperimental designs the subjects are observed without assignment or construction of the conditions. The researcher must ensure that the experiments have both reliability and validity. This means that the tests must produce consistent measurements and can produce inferences about the data collected. The data collected from the research is analyzed with statistical methods (Spector, 2008). The statistical methods used by I/O psychologist are either descriptive or inferential. Descriptive statistics are a way for I/O psychologist to reduce large amounts of data into summary statistics. These statistics are much easier to interoperate than the original data. There are three reasons to use descriptive statistics to analyze data sets. The first is to determine the central tendency and dispersion. The arithmetic mean is the sum of observations divided by the number of observations. The median is the middle number when the numbers are arranged in order from lowest to highest. However, these two methods do not indicate how much the observations differ from each other. To determine the difference of the observations a researcher would use variance and standard deviations. When there are more than one variable the researcher would use correlations to indicate the degree in which the two variables are related and the direction of the relation. An important byproduct of correlated variables is that a researcher can use one to predict the other this is known as regression (Spector, 2008). Inferential statistics allow researchers to draw conclusions that generalize from the subjects studied to all the people of interest by allowing the researcher to make inferences based on probabilities. This is done by using the descriptive statistics from a small group and combining them with the indings of other subjects by using statistical tests that are based on probability (Spector, 2008). Conclusion Industrial-occupational psychology is the study of psychological issues such as behavior, cognition, emotion, and motivation as it is applied to the problems of people in organizations. I/O psychology can be used in establishments with the intention of diagnosing the o rganizations problems, recommending or implementing change, and evaluating the consequences of those changes. The four areas that the I/O psychologist might address are: personal psychology, training, motivation and leadership, and engineering psychology. I/O Psychology has it foundation in science; the main focus is on testing and evaluating issues with measureable methods. This process is not like using simple intuition or trying new things until something works. I/O methods like all other fields of psychology are studied with scientific methods and supported by theories and statistics. Research can develop new methods and procedures for such activities as selecting or training employees. The statistical methods used by I/O psychologist are either descriptive or inferential. Descriptive statistics are a way for I/O psychologist to reduce large amounts of data into summary statistics.

222 Essays - English As A Second Or Foreign Language, Free Essays

222 Essays - English As A Second Or Foreign Language, Free Essays 222 Failure Experiences to Success Introduction What does the word ?failure? mean to you? Does it make you feel ashamed and disappointed? Have you ever given up when you become a failure? To many people, the word ?failure? usually has different negative meanings to people who are not successful in their past and lacking knowledge to be able to pass exams. It?s like the end of the world when things could not be re-done or reversed so that they could start over. Somehow to them, being called ?a failure? is also equal to becoming ?a loser.? Perhaps it?s okay for them to feel miserable and listless. I was also one of those people. It was always depressing to me and I would never dare to face what I did wrong again. Not until I had a chance to read Lives on the Boundary by Mike Rose, I realized that failure was not the end of every story, that everyone in this world, for at least once in their life time, has failed. It?s up to the failure to decide whether it is his or her ending or beginning of a new challenge. In Lives on the Boundar y, Mike Rose has taught me that every failure is a step forward to another success. Lives on the Boundary starts with ?this is a hopeful book about those who fail.? Basically, Rose gives hope to people like me, as an immigrant and non-English speaker, whose wish is to do better and be fluent in English as well as many other things in our lives. ?Lives on the Boundary concerns language and human connection, literary and culture, and it focuses on those who have trouble reading and writing in the schools and the workplace.? (Rose, xi) In the book, Rose has given us the advice by combining autobiography of his journey, the case study of his struggles in learning English and his writing strategy, and the commentary of himself and his students. Mike Rose has developed the way we think of failing and our talks about people who don?t do well in school. He gives us many examples of his students who have been labeled as a ?failure.? His students are people from poor neighborhoods, working-class families, immigrants who want to achieve a better life. ? The people I?ve tutore d and taught and the people whose lives I?ve studied-working-class children, poorly educated Vietnam veterans, underprepared college students, adults in a literacy program- they, for the most part, hadn?t been so fortunate.? (Rose, xi) They fail because they do poorly in schoolwork; thereby they get behind in most of their work. ?By the various criteria the institutions use, the students deserve admission-have earned their way- but they are considered marginal, ?high risk? or ?at risk? in current administrative parlance.? (Rose, 2) Instead of giving up on those students, the teacher Rose believes the school and teacher should change their potential so that the student can get better and become successful. Rose argues that using the basic methods could help most students to become better in basic writing. As an immigrant in the United States, after reading the book Lives on the Boundary by Mike Rose, I have been convinced that we should ?look beyond the labels of failure and feel hop eful about those who fail.? High School Memories and Experiences First of all, we need to think about the challenge that makes us become a failure, and how it affects our life. In my memories, high school seemed to be the most challenging time in my student life. It was about the time when I started to understand more about what was called double-dealing and when I had to deal with my scariest and happiest time in my life. It was not because I didn?t have any obstacles during my elementary or middle school. It was just because my life and my future have begun to change since I came to the United States seven years ago to start my high school. It was my happiest time because I knew and believed my future was going to start. However, it was also my scariest time when I had to leave my hometown, my friends, my country, and came here with

8 Benefits to Start a Homework Writers Career

8 Benefits to Start a Homework Writers Career 8 Benefits to Start a Homework Writers Career We feel your pain. This is a lot harder than you thought it would be, isn’t it? You want to achieve stunning grades in your classes, but you also need to work as much as you can to finance your education at the same time. So you’re a burning candle at both ends. What if you could combine your studies with a lucrative career succeeding in your classes and at your job at the same time? Consider starting a career as a homework writer. Here are some of the benefits that you will gain: 1. Convenience Even work-study jobs require at least a minimal commute eating up your valuable time. But homework writers can do their job from the comfort of their own apartments or dorms. Imagine coming home from the university and being able just to sit down at your desk and earn some cash. 2. Flexible Schedule Did you oversleep this morning? Or do you have a test to study for the whole night? No worries; it won’t impact your work schedule. You can choose your hours and work when it’s convenient for you. 3. Building a Professional Reputation The fact is that you are a research and paper-writing expert. Once you’ve gained a few clients, buzzes about your expertise will spread around the campus. This can help you especially if you are considering the education field for future employment. 4. Earning Extra Money As a college student, you have many things to budget, so at times it is quite hard to make ends meet. Wouldn’t it be great to have extra money on hand for entertainment, food, and tuition fees? A little extra spending cash would definitely relieve some of your worries. 5. Gaining New Knowledge and Skills Why do college instructors assign homework papers in the first place? It’s because the completion of these tasks helps you learn more and improves your knowledge. So just imagine how knowledgeable you will become if you are completing not just your own assignments, but those of your clients as well. You can acquire learning in a variety of areas, and will therefore be able to converse intelligently about everything from social science to math, from literature to medicine. That well-rounded intelligence will make you very appealing to future employers. 6. Gaining Experience Any employment gives you something to add to the â€Å"work experience† section of your resume. You will have a distinct advantage over those who have never had a job, or even those who just worked as a dishwasher or a store clerk. 7. The Opportunity to Help People Your clients are struggling students, just like you. You have the opportunity to make their lives just a little bit better and easier. You are reducing their stress by offering help when they need it. 8. Getting to Know Different People College is supposed to be the time for meeting new people and building friendships. But often students find themselves under such stringent demands that they just don’t have time to seek out new acquaintances. As a smart homework writer, you will meet a lot of students. Your world will become a richer place for getting to know international students, mature students with jobs and families, and those from low-income backgrounds. These are people that you might never get to meet otherwise. Becoming a homework writer can expand your horizon and opportunities in many ways. So, go ahead and embrace the opportunity.

Case Study Strategy Development in the Global Automotive Industry Essay

Case Study Strategy Development in the Global Automotive Industry - Essay Example Even as the automobile industry continues to grow, it is evident that the market is becoming more competitive by the day, and this has forced many manufacturers to reduce their costs of production, look for new markets, reduce the time for the production for development of a new product, also there has been the need to form mergers and alliances with other business partners and create more newer and innovative design and content. Thus the companies are giving more to its customers for less. With the need for ‘basic’ cars rising within the American and European markets there has been very little room for profits hence the profit margin has been small. Automobile industries have realized that one of the answers to improving profit margins is partnering, and this has led to the sharing of architectures and components. The merger of the automobile companies has forced consumers to choose from an ever reducing market. This has been brought about by three main factors; strong brands are increasingly important, manufacturers need to enter difficult markets and the cost of technology keeps rising. The best example of a merger is that of Daimler-Benz’s acquisition of Chrysler. The Daimler Benz company pulled off what seems to be the biggest takeover in history when it acquired Chrysler Corporation, which is the smallest of the three biggest American automobile companies. This acquisition brought together several companies such as Jeep, Mercedes, Chrysler and Dodge Truck. Through this the company has produced savings from buying and purchasing, staff recruitment and finance. Sharing of the different aspects of the two companies is increasing as the two companies continue to come together. It seems that the Daimler Chrysler company seems to have stopped trying to blend the two companies, thereby reducing the chances of the company becoming a super-giant automobile company. It is a well known fact that Chrysler has the most productive and efficient

What were the major foreign policy issues of the 1950s Justify your Essay

What were the major foreign policy issues of the 1950s Justify your response by addressing the significance of each. (Do not just list them) - Essay Example The Truman Doctrine was created by President Truman in 1947. Although this policy was created before the 1950’s, the substance of the Truman Doctrine helped create the Containment Policy. The Truman Doctrine basically â€Å"provided an ideological shield to permit U.S. aid to pro-capitalist, and presumably anti-communist, nations† (Bacevich, 2007: 8). This allowed for the U.S. to become partially involved in Vietnam in 1950, and then escalate to an outright war. The Marshall Plan was created in 1947. This policy was created before the 1950’s, but helped post-WWII countries rebuild their economies in an effort to stop communism from spreading farther into Western Europe. Billions of American dollars were spent on economic support to help countries return to their economy before the war. It also served to unify the Western European countries and the United States as allies. The Americans offered money from the Marshall Plan (knowing the Soviets would not accept), but as expected the Soviets refused. This refusal created the division in Western and Eastern Europe (Hook and Spanier, 2006: 59). The Iron Curtain fell in Europe, but Western Europe was economically stable through the Marshall Plan. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan had common goals of stopping communism. These measures were the foundation for the Containment Policy. The Containment Policy was a policy of stopping communism at all cost. If this meant setting up a puppet government under U.S. influence, so be it. The main goal was to fight communism, not consider what was best for the local population. The U.S. could not imagine a world of peaceful coexistence with the Soviets. Communism was a threat to the foundation of democracy according to the U.S. government. The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan had stopped the flow of communism, but when China fell

Summarize information from websites Essay Example for Free

Summarize information from websites Essay AIDS has become a universal crisis out of which the sub-Saharan Africa has 2. 1 million of estimated cases. The following are some of the reasons of the impact of AIDS summarized from the AVERT. ORG website. The impact on the Healthcare Sector Increase in the AIDS epidemic has caused an increase in demand for AIDS healthcare workers. According to the website the medical expenses is about US$30 per year for every infected person especially in the sub-Saharan areas. The hospitals find it difficult to accommodate HIV patients and in future it is estimated that AIDS care will account for 60%-70% of all hospital expenditures in South Africa. Hospitals find it difficult to cope with infrastructure as there are not enough beds, leading to shortage in admitted patients. In such cases patients develop complications and the epidemic worsens thereby reducing the standards of care at the hospitals. There are also many healthcare professionals who are affected with AIDS because they are in constant contact with patients. There is therefore an increase in workload, less pay all leading to a scarcity of healthcare workers. The impact on Households AIDS has caused mass impact in the poorer sectors wherein AIDS has been transferred from adults to children. Household income suffers because adults will have to give up their work to look after infected relatives. Children are also forced to stop studying. Families cut expenditures on clothing, electricity and food. There are many families who have abandoned agricultural work due to household illness causing severe food shortage. Looking after patients with illness causes an emotional as well as a financial burden on the household members. Household assets are also sold to meet basic expenses and health needs. The impact on Children Children loose their parents or guardians and are forced to give up their childhood. They are forced to become the breadwinners of the family. They lack nutrition, education and healthcare facilities. Many children are orphaned and they don’t have anyone to take care of them. This makes institutional care a must for such children. These institutions may not be that well equipped to handle the psychological and physiological traumas faced by the children. There are communities that aim to make the children more sociable and to help resolve their problems, but there are too many children and too less healthcare workers. The impact on Education Sector AIDS affects a child’s education which is one of the most cost-effective ways of imparting education. Children may be forced to look after their family members or they themselves may be affected with AIDS. Many of them may not be able to afford the school fees and need to work to afford even their basic necessities. Even the teachers are affected by HIV AIDS. Research shows that teachers have a lack of understanding on the subject and their socio-economic status causes them to get infected. If there are no teachers to teach, then this affects the child’s development. There will be many absent periods because a teacher takes time off to look after their sick relatives or to attend funerals. The impact on Enterprises and Workplaces Many people who are affected with AIDS are people who are employed this affects their socio-economic status. AIDS affects production costs, diverts resources and productivity and has depleting skills. Company costs for funerals, healthcare and pension are likely to increase as people take early retirement or are dying. The demand for products and services also falls. Absent staff also affects the productivity. The recruitment, training and healthcare expenditures constantly increase while productivity declines. There are also very few companies that have a policy to deal with HIV and AIDS.

Inflation :: essays research papers

INFLATION: In the 1970s the prices of most things Americans buy more than doubled. Such a general increase in prices is called inflation. Prices of selected goods may increase for reasons unrelated to inflation: the price of fresh lettuce may rise because unseasonably heavy rainfall in California has ruined the lettuce crop, or the price of gasoline may rise if the oil-producing countries set a higher price for oil. During inflation, however, all prices tend to rise. Over the last 400 years there have been many periods of inflation. In the 16th century, when the Spaniards began bringing back gold and silver from the New World, prices in Western Europe moved upward as the supply of money increased. During the 19th century prices tended to go downward as food and raw materials became cheaper. After major wars such as the Napoleonic Wars and World Wars I and II, prices again moved upward. In the 1950s and '60s a so-called creeping inflation occurred, when the general price level in the United States and Western Europe rose by an average of 1 to 5 percent each year. In the 1970s inflation increased until it reached as much as 13 percent a year in the United States. Many countries have suffered from inflation more than has the United States. Israel had inflation of more than 100 percent a year in the early 1980s, meaning that the cost of living more than doubled every year. In Argentina inflation was greater than 400 percent in 1975 and averaged more than 100 percent each year from 1976 to 1982. The most remarkable inflation in modern times was the German hyperinflation of 1923, when people went to the store with wheelbarrows full of money to buy a few groceries. A similar hyperinflation occurred in Hungary after World War II. Inflation has been defined as "too much money chasing too few goods." As prices rise, wages and salaries also have a tendency to rise. More money in people's pockets causes prices to rise still higher so that consumers never quite catch up . Inflation can go on continuously year after year so long as the money supply continues to increase. Continued inflation affects people in diverse ways. Those who live on fixed incomes, or those whose incomes increase very slowly, suffer most from inflation because they are able to buy less and less. Those who lend money when prices are lower may be paid back in dollars of reduced purchasing power.

Just-in- Time in Kalamazoo Essay

A firm specializing in motor homes located in Kalamazoo, Michigan. Discusses changes in inventory and other cost since the recent expansion of its market from the local Midwest to a national one. The companies also have to deal with another major problem because it only manufactures a few of it components while the others are purchased form outside vendors. In an attempt to reduce component part expenses, the president of the company considers implementing the Just-in-time system in his firm. The just in time is a system developed by Toyota designed to control quality develop supplier and distributors’ relationship and minimize inventory. 1.What is the total annual cost of maintaining the components inventory under the present system? Under the present system the total cost to maintain the component per year is $1,292824.00 2.What would be the total annual cost of maintaining the components under the JIT system (Assuming no safety stocks)? The annual cost of maintaining the components under the JIT system would be 3. Should Ballenger take into account any other cost or benefits from JIT system? if so what are they? With the JIT system Ballenger would be less concern about maintaining a large inventory and they would less likely to experience shrinkage. The just-in-time system will also ensure that parts are available to manufacture products and will better serve customers more effectively and efficiently. 4. If the JIT system is adopted are there safety sticks of any item that should be maintained? If so which ones and how much If JIT system is adopted DVD players should be placed under capacity safety because they seem to be quite expensive. 5.If JIT system is adopted, what changes if any should occur in the relationships between Ballenger’s firm and his suppliers of components? Discuss They would need to be more alert keen and discipline in terms of delivery therefore the firm and the supplier would have to maintain good communication skills to avoid any defects. 6. Assume that Ballenger has switched to the JIT system and that he receives a surprise phone call from a competitor who is going out of business. The competitor wants to sell Ballenger 7,000 dome lights of the type listed in Exhibit 2-A. Should Ballenger buy them? If so, at what price? I don’t think that Ballenger should purchase these lights because according to the JIT system one of its aim is to instill discipline and this therefore will ruin such vision not only that but Ballenger would also have to consider storage for these light bulbs. 7. Carrying cost are 20 percent. Is there a level of carrying cost at which both Ballenger’s present system and a JIT system have similar cost what is that? There won’t be a level when the two systems have the same cost but if so it would be at a extremely high rate possible exceeding 100 percent.

Metrics for GGI

The marketing approach for the implementation of the GGI procedure can be measured using several metrics. In this aspect, it would be more available for the business owners to realize how to go about the recommended processes in increasing the commercial exposure of the products. As what has been recommended previously, the significant marketing plan for the GGI commodities is advertising dealing with media facilities such as direct marketing, TV ads, radio plugs, print distribution and electronic promotions. In order to measure how each of these promotional plans are performing with respect to total profitability outputs, certain marketing metrics can be applied. In the case of GGI, items are sold through different channels of dealers, sub-dealers and retailers. However, to get hold of the natural response of the consumers to the promotional scheme, it would be advisable for the company to target measuring the metrics based on the lowest scale of transactions-the end users or the retailers. In this way, the overall flow of the products and the profit value being acquired can provide the most exact metric data for the business. The implementation of metrics needs to be separated in each of the marketing plan approaches. Advertising does not really measure how many products were sold, but can actually measure how the products’ commercial appeal will project metrics (Curtis, 2002). Electronic Approach-The best possible measuring technique for this advertising process is to measure the amount of positive responses based on e-mail replies from the consumers. Since mail database promotions were used, the actual response rate of the end users can be tallied or structured in a database which can count the frequency of the response in a limited time frame. The basic recommendation which the team can apply to this metric is that if in a succession of time frame the hits on websites and the e-mail responses increase with respect to the previous measuring interval, then additional investments can be made to make the channels more visually or commercially appealing. In terms of the website promotion, the metrics which can be used to measure the efficiency of the channel is to integrate a visit counter within the web pages. In this aspect, the company will be able to monitor how many hits per day are initiated by the online consumers on the website. Of course, it does not readily equate to sales, but the very aspect of monitoring the visits can create a very good projection of sales values. TV and Radio Advertising-In terms of the conventional mediums of advertising, the survey method can be used as the primary metrics for the efficiency of these media units. Of course, it may be difficult for the company to increase their processes within the broadcast network’s ability to expose the GGI products. But what can be done is to regularly set up survey procedures at least once a month. The metrics to be used should focus on how the respondents were greatly influenced to buy the products based on their exposure to TV and Radio advertisements. By the time the results are obtained, the team may be able to recommend purchasing additional time slots for these media ads. But before it can be done, survey results must first provide whether there is a direct relationship between consumer purchase and TV and radio ad exposures. This can be statistically measured using correlation and regression computations. Flyers, Posters, Retailer Promotion-The last suggestion for advertising is under the scope of non-electronic mediums. This is the most basic form of measuring metrics since the retailers and dealers themselves will get to construct their respective databases on how much sales they were able to produce. Moreover, each store will definitely have tallied numbers of purchases of specific items distributed by GGI. Therefore, the company will be able to immediately measure the success of the ad campaign in a given time interval. To make use of these metrics, the most effective process is to identify the market share earned by each partner retailers. Also, each of these units may capture the true flow of consumer preference by seasonally implementing Customer Relationship Management. Fabricated scorecards are always available in the market to help the retailers produce a reliable set of sales data (Miller, 2007). In an overall scale, the best metrics to use for GGI is to take note of its ROI or Return of Investment Values. This can only be computed if the company was able to dispose all of the products in a batch for a particular time frame Also, it is only possible for the business to measure such metric if all the initial investments were already acquired back. The remaining accounts receivable balance will then project the initial profit margin of the company. This will provide greater prediction strengths whether the marketing campaign was successful or needs improvement. Therefore, GGI might first consider improving its promotional campaign on the lowest level of advertising in the retailer units since these partners are the primary remitter of investment and profit value shares. At the present stage of GGI which is supposedly very young, the best metric to maintain is the ROI analysis. Since the investment values are still very fresh and somewhat conservative, it would be ideal to limit the creation of secondary analysis such as surveys and database management because these require additional investment expenses. Even though ROI exceeds surveys costs most of the time (Yun Lee, 2007), additional expenses will not be ideal for a starting business. With ROI, the only required tools are the company files and financial utilities based on the flow of products and acquisition of sales money. Apparently, knowing the most effective marketing metrics can save the company time and effort in allocating budget allowances (Cohen, 2007). References Cohen, J. 2007. Make More Money with Marketing Metrics. About.Com. Retrieved December 26, 2007 from http://marketing.about.com/od/marketingplanandstrategy/a/mrktgmetric.htm. Curtis, E. 2002. Commercial Exposure. Dental Editors. Retrieved December 26, 2007 Miller, S. 2007. How Important is Productivity Measurement in Retail Stores?. Ezine Articles. Retrieved December 26, 2007 from http://ezinearticles.com/?How-Important-is-Productivity-Measurement-in-Retail-Stores?&id=812937. Yun Lee, M. 2007. Conducting Surveys and Focus Groups. Entrepreneur.com. Retrieved December 26, 2007 from

Industrial Training Report Essay Example

Industrial Training Report Essay Example Industrial Training Report Paper Industrial Training Report Paper This project needs to apply the skills of schematic design, PC layout and fabrication, C programming and hardware/software trouble shooting. Cooperation is detrimental in the whole project. Application The Wife detector detects the surrounding Wife access points and report the signal SAID and strength to the host PC periodically. The PC host reports a motion when all the Wife signal strengths are changed. Key features The user can select between motion detection mode and station mode. Under station mode the Wife detector will detect the surrounding access points once and report to the PC host. Under the detection mode the Wife detector will do this periodically. The PC host will display the received information in the GIG-Jell. If there is a change of position of the Wife detector, the PC host will generate a warning message. Block Diagram The block diagram is shown below what basic components of Wi-If Detector is included.

Save a Web Page as HTML or MHT Using Delphi

Save a Web Page as HTML or MHT Using Delphi When working with Delphi, the TWebBrowser component allows you to create a customized Web browsing application or to add Internet, file and network browsing, document viewing, and data downloading capabilities to your applications. How to Save a Web Page from TWebBrowser When using Internet Explorer, you are allowed you to view the source HTML code of a page and to save that page as a file on your local drive. If you are viewing a page that you wish to keep, go to the File/Save As ... menu item. In the dialog box that opens, you have several file types offered. Saving the page as a different filetype will affect how the page is saved. The TWebBrowser component (located on the Internet page of the Component Palette) provides access to the Web browser functionality from your Delphi applications. In general, youll want to enable saving of a web page displayed inside a WebBrowser as an HTML file to a disk. Saving a Web Page As a Raw HTML If you only want to save a web page as a raw HTML you would select Web Page, HTML only (*.htm, *.html). It will simply save the current pages source HTML to your drive intact. This action will NOT save the graphics from the page or any other files used within the page, which means that if you loaded the file back from the local disk, you would see broken image links. Heres how to save a web page as raw HTML using Delphi code: uses ActiveX; ... procedure WB_SaveAs_HTML(WB : TWebBrowser; const FileName : string) ; var   Ã‚  PersistStream: IPersistStreamInit;   Ã‚  Stream: IStream;   Ã‚  FileStream: TFileStream; begin   Ã‚  if not Assigned(WB.Document) then   Ã‚  begin   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ShowMessage(Document not loaded!) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Exit;   Ã‚  end;   Ã‚  PersistStream : WB.Document as IPersistStreamInit;   Ã‚  FileStream : TFileStream.Create(FileName, fmCreate) ;   Ã‚  try   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stream : TStreamAdapter.Create(FileStream, soReference) as IStream;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  if Failed(PersistStream.Save(Stream, True)) then ShowMessage(SaveAs HTML fail!) ;   Ã‚  finally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  FileStream.Free;   Ã‚  end; end; (* WB_SaveAs_HTML *) Usage sample: //first navigate WebBrowser1.Navigate(http://delphi.about.com) ; //then save WB_SaveAs_HTML(WebBrowser1,c:\WebBrowser1.html) ; Notes The IPersistStreamInit and IStream interfaces are declared inside the ActiveX unit.The web page is saved as a raw HTML to the WebBrowser1.html file on the root folder of the C drive. MHT: Web Archive, Single File When you save a Web page as Web archive, single file (*.mht) the web document gets saved in the Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension HTML (MHTML) format with a .mht file extension. All relative links in the Web page are remapped and the embedded content is included in the .mht file, rather than being saved in a separate folder (as the case is with Web Page, complete (*.htm, *.html)). MHTML enables you to send and receive Web pages and other HTML documents using e-mail programs such as Microsoft Outlook, and Microsoft Outlook Express; or even your custom Delphi email sending solutions. MHTML enables you to embed images directly into the body of your e-mail messages rather than attaching them to the message. Heres how to save a webpage as a single file (MHT format) using Delphi code: uses CDO_TLB, ADODB_TLB; ... procedure WB_SaveAs_MHT(WB: TWebBrowser; FileName: TFileName) ; var   Ã‚  Msg: IMessage;   Ã‚  Conf: IConfiguration;   Ã‚  Stream: _Stream;   Ã‚  URL : widestring; begin   Ã‚  if not Assigned(WB.Document) then Exit;   Ã‚  URL : WB.LocationURL;   Ã‚  Msg : CoMessage.Create;   Ã‚  Conf : CoConfiguration.Create;   Ã‚  try   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Msg.Configuration : Conf;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Msg.CreateMHTMLBody(URL, cdoSuppressAll, , ) ;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stream : Msg.GetStream;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stream.SaveToFile(FileName, adSaveCreateOverWrite) ;   Ã‚  finally   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Msg : nil;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Conf : nil;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stream : nil;   Ã‚  end; end; (* WB_SaveAs_MHT *) Sample usage: //first navigate WebBrowser1.Navigate(http://delphi.about.com) ; //then save WB_SaveAs_MHT(WebBrowser1,c:\WebBrowser1.mht) ; Note The _Stream class is defined in ADODB_TLB unit that you probably already have created. The IMessage and IConfiguration interfaces code from cdosys.dll library. CDO stands for Collaboration Data Objects - object libraries designed to enable SMTP Messaging. The CDO_TLB is an auto-generated unit by Delphi. To create it, from the main menu select Import Type Library, select C:\WINDOWS\system32\cdosys.dll then click the Create unit button. No TWebBrowser You could rewrite the WB_SaveAs_MHT procedure to accept an URL string (not TWebBrowser) to be able to save a web page directly no need to use the WebBrowser component. The URL from WebBrowser is retrieved using the WB.LocationURL property.

Case Google Is Changing Everything Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Google Is Changing Everything - Essay Example Here I will assess and analyze the main technology structure employed, a better revenue generation policy and enhanced extensive business structure of Google. Google is an intelligent search engine that offers its user a better facility regarding the web based search as well as a better promotion of related areas. As we search with the Google, then different related categories of the products and services appear on the right side of the main user interface. If we are searching for some food products then Google will intelligently offer a list of categories related to the desired or searched query. This is a great opportunity and facility that offers us to select and check products and services of the related categories. Google main advertisement pan is retrieved intelligently according to the user interest and desire. The intelligent search engine of the Google has the greater capability to assess the user interest and offer the related ads and promotions for the user easiness (Organicspam, 2007). I have tried lot of different options and observed that Google is offering a comprehensive way for presenting and showing the mostly matched re sults to the user interest and desire. If we talk about the spreadsheets the name of Microsoft’s Excel comes in mind. However Google is trying to redefine the basic concept of the Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheets. The main purpose of the Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheets is to arrange the data and organize in an appropriate way so that user can effectively handle and operate the data. However there are several limitations in the customary idea of the Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheets. For instance, Microsoft’s Excel spreadsheets are lacking in sharing of spreadsheet data to multiple users and clients (Shelly, Cashman, & Vermaat, 2005). In this regard the Google is going to redefine the customary practice of the spreadsheets and trying to integrate more enhanced and better features in these

Discussing the loss of the role of main exporter by USA Essay

Discussing the loss of the role of main exporter by USA - Essay Example This is the reason why, at present, companies usually segment their products to target the various consumers and fit what their wants and needs are. Consumer characteristics have a direct bearing on the choice and management of a marketing channel. Determining which channel is most appropriate is based on answers to fundamental questions such as: Who are potential customers Where do they buy When do they buy How do they buy What do they buy These answers also indicate the type of intermediary best suited to reaching target buyers. This is why knowledge of consumer characteristics plays an extremely important role in many marketing applications, such as defining the market for a product or deciding on the appropriate techniques in marketing. In contrast to consumer purchasing, business purchasing is generally based more on economic reasons than on emotional ones. Among the many factors business purchasers consider when choosing a supplier are the quality-price ratio, delivery reliability, reputation of the supplier, information and market services provided by the supplier, and previous experience with the supplier. The Internet has revolutionized the purchasing behaviours of consumers because built deeper, more personalized relationships with customers because they can purchase anything anytime inside the convenience of their own homes. Although much is still needed to be learned about online consumer purchase behavior, research has documented the most frequently purchased products and services bought online have been mostly reservations for plane tickets, cars and hotels. These products fall in the category of items for which product information is an important part of the purchase decision, but prepurchase trial is not necessarily critical. Also, items such as computers, computer accessories, and consumer electronics sold by Dell.com fall into this category. So do books, which accounts for the sales growth of Amazon.com and Barnes & Noble (www.barnesandnoble.com ) (Kerin, 2003). Internet consumers differ from traditional offline consumers in their approaches to buying and in their responses to marketing. The exchange process via the Internet has become more customer initiated and customer controlled. People who use the Internet place greater value on information and tend to respond negatively to messages aimed only at selling. Traditional marketing targets a somewhat passive audience. For example, buyers would prefer to buy paints offline because they want to see the actual product and test it themselves. However, more and more companies are now creating a marketing website, instead of a purchasing site. These sites engage consumers in an interaction that will move them closer to a direct purchase or other marketing outcome. Such sites might include a catalog, shopping tips, and promotional features such as coupons, sales events, or contests. For example, visitors to Nokia.com can search through dozens of categories of Nokia products, review detailed features and specifications lists for specific items, read expert product reviews, and check out the latest hot deals. They can place an order for the desired products

20th century differed from the world at the end of the 19th century Term Paper

20th century differed from the world at the end of the 19th century - Term Paper Example Asians and African have tried to function in the power structure; however, this structure of power has been engineered to uphold Western rule over economic, social, and geo-political articles (White, pg 98). At the beginning of the 20th century, racial and gender, discrimination still prevailed in the society. Even though the 19th century had seen the end of the Atlantic slave trade, the struggle for equality of Africans in the white population of Europe, South America, and North America sustained. All through the century, the societal taboo regarding gender discrimination decreased. The end of the 20th century witnessed that in almost all regions of the globe, women’s rights equaled that of men. Moreover, not only did people of other cultures get equal rights by the society, but most people criticized racial discrimination as well (White, pg 98). The term Specialism was created during the 1970s, as society began to wonder at, and question humanity’s natural prejudice regarding other species. The closing years of the 19th century, and the whole of the 20th century saw considerable amount of industrial development. Americans abandoned many farms and small towns in favor of industries and factories. These industries and factories, created for mass yield and exemplified on precipitous hierarchy, depended on manual labor, and small salaries. Labor unions slowly gained power in these surroundings. In time, they attained considerable advancements in working circumstances. They also succeeded in modifying American politics: most of the time siding with the Democratic Party, labor unions made up a crucial part of most of the social legislation endorsed from the 1930s, from the time of President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal, until the Kennedy and Johnson governments in the 1960s. Structured labor is still a significant economic and political power today;

Toyota Company Strategic Planning

Toyota Company Strategic Planning TOYOTA COMPANY 1.0 Companys Description Toyota Motor Corporation is engaged in manufacture of passenger cars and their assembly, minivans, recreational and sport vehicles worldwide. Toyota has a network of more than 45 manufacturing companies and 12 plants affiliated in Japan. Toyota is working on its strategic global vision program of 2010. This program describes the long term Toyotas policies like recycling of goods and pro-environmental stance. Toyota has its global vision to respect the different people and communities and providing the new marketing opportunities in Asian markets and aims to get more than 35% of vehicle by the tapping the emerging markets. In automobile industry the need of the local customization and global strategy required the regional production. After 1990 Toyota has become first organized car manufacturer. The main targeted markets of Toyota industry are the Europe, North America and Asia with capability to customize the regional markets. Toyota has reacted very quickly and bypassed the regional and trade barriers; based upon the local suppliers to impact the cost efficiencies. 2.0 Strengths of Toyota Toyota possesses much strength due to its quality products and reputation. Prices of the Toyotas products are not affordable as the automakers in America, however Toyota has continued to succeed because customer rely and depend on its products. Toyota has been number one in sale of cars in 2007 and also 2008 better. Toyota has two different significant opportunities. Toyota has a step ahead of its competitors due to its hybrid products; as eco-friendly consumers demand the new brands. Toyota has scope to develop and design the technology for the advance models. Other opportunity lies in untapped market of youth; Scion has brought an inspiring revolution. The Marketing, product design and credit assistance are other hallmarks of Toyota which will prove to be great opportunities in future. Globally Toyota has several regions for its business and purchasing power of large Chinas population has been recognized. This has created a place for the Toyota to set up its headquarters in China. The purchase of Toyotas full size truck is increased in South America due to strengthen of its economy. In Middle East the demand of full size Toyotas SUVs is increased. This has resulted in the acknowledgement of opportunities of Toyota. Toyota has acted according to the streamlines of its export system. 2.1 Global Strategy Toyota is ranked among five best companies of automobile industry with total 500 companies. Toyota has made success in global strategies. It has a clear agenda to distribute the channels, production, marketing and supply chain aspects. Toyotas best production system and continuous improvements are the essential pieces of its global strategy. Concept of Kaizen (continuous improvement) has empowered the company to think about the new strategies and methods no matter in any area of the company. TPS (Toyota Production System) makes a link between the global automaker to manage the supply chain system, inventory management, production capabilities and planning methods. This TPS has empowered the Toyota to dominate the global automobile industry. Actually the Toyota is based in Japan but it has established itself throughout the world. No doubt the Toyota is most well known automobile brand of the world. Toyotas market is based upon the mission: Stable long-term growth, while striving for h armony with people, society and the environment (Toyota Motor Corporation Home Page). Toyota is providing thousands of jobs in America. Cultural, economic and social issues have allowed the Toyota to move beyond the brand equity and shaped an international marketing place for Toyota and achieved the success as a global corporation. 3.0 Rivalry of Toyota When Nissan and Toyota entered in American market the cost advantage for Toyota increased over the American companies. The market share of Toyota in Japan was higher which forced the Nissan to cut the costs of their best cars. Both Nissan and Toyota made rapid increase in shares in Japan. Toyota also impacted the car companies of America. Detroit made efforts to manufacture the small cars but could stay before the products of Toyota Company. Other rival companies included the Ford, General Motors and Volkswagen. It is best know that cars of Americas companies are cheaper in price but not reliable as compared to products of Toyota. Before Toyota the Volkswagen was main dominant company in USA market. Volkswagen being the best foreign car supplier company had shared 60% in USA market. For example Volkswagen Beetle was the best car in America before the Toyota introduced its Toyota Corolla in 1975. Volkswagens cars have the vibration problems but Toyota possessed the powerful cars witho ut vibration problems. The yen currency also played an important role to sell the Toyota more cars than Volkswagen. Japans yen was weaker as compared to German mark which made the Japans currency and goods cheaper for the purchasers in America. 3.1 Bargaining Power: Toyota has facilitated the Buyers and supplier of Toyotas cars as rental car companies liked to buy large number of cars which did not affect the overall prices of cars. When raw material for cars (steel, fiberglass and plastic) is lowered due in price there are many supplier and bargaining power of supplier is neglible. The sale of Prius exceeded when overseas units were added to it. The launch situation of Pirus in America and Europe market occurred in a same as in Japan. Local municipalities and people who love to use the new technologies always purchase the Toyota cars. 3.2 Competitor Analysis Toyota operates in car bodies and motor vehicle center. This analysis is done by comparing the Toyota Motors with other three main companies as shown below 3.2.1 Honda Motors: The sale of the Honda Motors during the year 2010 was noted to be 101.92 $ with 76% Automobile business. 3.2.2 Nissan Motors: The sale of the Nissan Motors cars was $ 89.31 billion during the year 2010 with automobiles 93%. 3.2.3 Motors Liquidation Company: This Company is based in USA and its sale during the year 2008 was noted as $148.98 billion with 99% automotive products. 3.2.4 Toyota Motors: The sale of the Toyota motors was $225.14 billion which decreased to 7.7% versus 2009, when companys sale exceeded to 2010 years sale. Consumers of Toyota cars prefer to purchase the Toyotas cars because these are reliable motor cars. During the 2008 survey Toyota and Lexus model won the 11 segment awards out of total 19 (Toyotas Home Page). This show the commitment of Toyota to its quality products; which also shows that quality of the Toyota Products is the same wherever they are manufactured. It can be said that these products are manufactured by the Toyota. 4.0 Current Attractiveness of Toyota 4.1 Relations with suppliers Toyota has established good relations with its suppliers to build a harmonious and mutual society. As the business of Toyota has been expanded on a global scale the Toyota is stressing more on close relationships to achieve the customers satisfaction. Toyota does respect of its suppliers throughout the world to promote the development and mutual growth. Toyota believes in CSR activities and issued a guideline for the suppliers in 2009. Toyota is focusing to make joint manufacturing activities with suppliers to improve the working practices. To promote the sale of cars in next five years on the basic principle of Customer first, dealer second, third manufacture Toyota is acting on the policy to benefit their dealers. Toyota has more than 170 distributers and 8000 dealers located in overseas countries. In this way Toyota engages its partners in many ways. 4.2 Acceptable car building by Toyota When Prius the first hybrid car was produced with new technology, it was expected to sale this car in various countries. Prius was welcomed at different locations which proved its popularity but usage conditions like culture, regulations and traffic situations were required to do more for the acceptance of Prius a global brand of Toyota. The potential problems and deep understanding of advantages was needed to be focused upon in two next years. 4.3 Innovative Cars A hybrid system enabled the Toyota to produce the large medium and minivans for their customers. All designers of Toyota dreamed to build an innovative car which offered more enjoyment during driving and riding with low fuel consumption. Estima Hybrid is a example of such cars. Manufacturing of such cars was started before the Prius with great technical issues but Toyota was successful to introduce this kind of cars. As mentioned above Toyota wanted to expand its Hybrid system to evolve the automobile industry in next 5 years of 21st century. Company wants to produce more than 300,000 units per year in next few years. Toyota Company wants improvement in its Environmental Action Plan 2011 in six key areas: Change in Climate and Energy, Air Quality, substances, recycling and resource utilization, Environmental management and Societal Cooperation. Company wants to reduce the Carbon dioxide emission to ensure that environment is kept clean by adopting and observing all economy fuels values. 5.0 Companys Strategies There are main four marketing mix components which are shaped in a way to fight the firms in market and provide the easy access to companys products and services. 5.1 Product Strategy The company is focusing on strategies to compete the other firms by adopting a mass production program to sell its product in global market. A hybrid product can enhance its production to meet the demands of changing market. 5.2 Location Strategy Toyota is a global producer of automobiles and their components, Toyota has positioned itself at the most central locations where it has clear and very optimistic control over the companys products and their delivery to customers. In next three years Toyota Company aims to achieve the 35% of market share. 5.3 Promotion Strategy Toyota Company is determinant towards pricing mechanism which can give it an edge over its competitors. Company can get highest level in automobile industry by using the best pricing method to get the hold of market. 5.4 Pricing Strategy Toyota Company is producing new vehicles of best quality which can be purchased at a reasonable price. The new pricing strategy is aimed to attract more customers throughout the world. 5.5 Target Market Strategies Each unit of Toyota is designed in a way to attract the targeted markets. The design of the vehicle cars is based on their speed, external appearance like color and shape. There are two seat model cars with high speed, small in size designed for the adventurous young people. Young people like to make drives on smooth tarmac roads, rough and rugged terrains (Thomas, 2001). People in America have made complaints about the Toyotas products in design and flair as compared to GM and Ford. Launch of V8 pick up resulted in response to this ambitious and a big volume of sale is in progress. Overall Toyota is giving hard time to its competitors as it experienced a recall and holding the leadership position in market. 5.6 Corporate Strategy Stability, growth and efficiency are the main components of the companys financial strategy. Company is optimistic towards the automotive market in producing the fuel-efficient, electro and segment vehicles in next coming years. Company is focusing to invest in the technologies for the sustainability and growth of advanced units to meet the customers needs. Adequate liquidity is the next step of Toyota Company to invite more investments to improve its technology for the next generation technology (Annual report of Toyota 2009). Automakers in USA are in struggle to improve their strategies and operations to match the Toyotas strategies and operations. US automakers have said that three dimensions of Toyotas business plan they seek to emulate. These three dimensions include the Toyotas Production System with manageable legacy costs, high quality vehicles and dealers network. Although the Toyota Production System (TPS) has encountered serious quality issues yet Toyota is dominating the American markets. Toyota is also replacing the GM products by giving the timely attentions to correct the issues with a best teamwork. Toyota has learn very painful lessons and concentrated on its TPS system with continuous improvement while other automakers have felt difficulty to implement these systems. Toyota has leant more about the US market and GM motors are also following to make the small cars like Toyota. GM could not continue to work at a joint venture with Toyota. 6.0 Potential Challenges for the Rivals of Toyota The new firms need a strategy development to face the challenges of rivalry from Toyota. This strategy consists of creation of new brands and exploiting the new resources with new aspiration and distinct from Toyota. Mercedes is in effort to tackle these issues to make A-class small vehicles. Porter (1980) has defined the strategic group where firms or groups follow the same dimensions with similar strategy. The concept of strategic group was well developed in the following years (McGee and Thomas 1986). The use of the Porters five forces is very useful to examine the forces which act on the automobile industry. New entrants in automobile industry face the issues of capital requirements, brands equity, legislation and ability to distribute their products. Another force which offers barriers for the new entrants are the bargaining powers of buyers and customers. Toyota is well established automobile with best brands it will be hard for the new firms to get the share of automobile mark et in a short time. Customers always buy the car of well known company and avoid purchasing the car of new entered company. Conclusions In this paper we have discussed the history of the Toyota Company with new development in car industry. Competitors of the Toyota are also given with data of their sales and compared it with Toyota Company. The sale of the Toyota recorded in the financial year 2009 was higher than the year 2010. Toyota Company is focusing upon the global strategy to attract the worlds most famous markets throughout the world and achieving more than 35% shares of car markets. Automakers in USA are try to match the Toyotas products by offering the best quality cars with reasonable prices. It is discussed that how the Toyota is providing best cars and services to its customers and suppliers by a strategic planning. Porters five forces are also included in this paper to analyze the impacts of these forces on automobile industry. We have learnt that Toyota is a leading the automobile industry due to its best strategic planning throughout the world.